Optimizing Local Food Systems for Public Health: Insights from Distribution and Consumption Challenges in East Kalimantan

This study analyzed the potential of local foods in East Kalimantan, the consumption patterns, and nutritional risk factors of pregnant women and designed sustainable interventions and evidence-based policy recommendations to improve food security and mother-child health holistically.

East Kalimantan is rich in diverse local foods, such as endemic fish, yams, and sago, which are nutrient-dense. However, these foods are often perceived as less prestigious compared to commercial foods, limiting their utilization. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly among pregnant women, are a significant issue in the region, necessitating sustainable solutions to improve maternal-child health.

This study aimed to explore the potential of local foods, identify consumption patterns and nutritional challenges among pregnant women, and propose evidence-based interventions and policies to address food security and health issues in East Kalimantan.

The study employed a qualitative research design involving in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, such as provincial-level government agencies related to food management, wholesale market traders, pregnant women, and nursing mothers. A literature review complemented the interviews to examine perceptions, accessibility, and policies regarding local foods. Data analysis was performed using NVivo software for thematic coding.

The findings revealed several challenges in utilizing local foods, including unequal distribution, inadequate infrastructure, and social stigma that devalues local foods as less prestigious than commercial products. Programs like Diverse, Nutritious, Balanced, and Safe have raised awareness about the benefits of local foods but have not been implemented consistently across the region. Rural areas have better access to local foods, while urban areas are more reliant on commercial food products.

The study highlights the importance of nutrition education, infrastructure development for better distribution, and cross-sector collaboration to optimize the use of local foods. Addressing these challenges can significantly improve food security and the nutritional status of vulnerable populations, particularly pregnant women, in a sustainable manner.

This study highlights local food systems' role in food security and maternal health, providing insights for policymakers and emphasizing collaboration to build a sustainable, resilient food system in East Kalimantan.