Holistic Factors Affecting Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for various degenerative diseases, the prevalence of which is rising due to changes in environmental factors and lifestyle behavior. This trend indicates that diabetes affects not only the elderly but also individuals in their prime working years. The disease can lead to both acute and chronic complications, impacting multiple organ systems.

This study aimed to investigate the principal factors influencing the behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus regarding blood glucose management.

A quantitative study employing a cross-sectional approach was conducted in Padang City in 2023, with a sample size of 204 individuals. Proportional sampling techniques were employed during the sampling procedure. Direct measurements of fasting blood glucose and interview techniques were employed to gather data through questionnaire tools. The logistic regression test was carried out for multivariate analysis, while the chi-squared test was conducted for bivariate analysis.

The findings of this study indicated a substantial correlation between blood glucose management in patients with diabetes mellitus and factors, such as education, knowledge, attitude, diet, psychological state, family support, health worker assistance, and the availability of information facilities and infrastructure. The two important components were informational resources and infrastructure, as well as support for healthcare personnel.

The behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in maintaining their blood glucose levels is significantly affected by the accessibility of informational resources and infrastructure, together with the help of healthcare professionals. To avert complications from diabetes and improve quality of life, healthcare providers must offer maximal support and expand infrastructure and informational resources.